To the Issue of Relations within the Case and Prepositional System in Classical Language.

Abstract

The relations between preposition and case as a complement of the case and prepositional construction remains one of the main issues in modern linguistics. The aspect of domination of a preposition or a case as the parts of construction is interpreted by the linguists in different ways: some researchers suggest that the preposition often develops, supplements, intensifies the value of the case form or specifies, specializes and complicates it. Thanks to their semantics, prepositions finally arrange and emphasize syntactic relations and syntactic functions of the case, detailing the value, expressed with the help of the case inflection. Others, however, denote that in all cases of prepositional usage the forms of the case always supplement and often clarify them. Under existing conditions of semantic oversaturation of case forms, the language refers to the new mean of expressing of semantic and syntactic relations within a sentence - case and prepositional turns of speech. These forms function as a complicated unity of correlative meaningful components. The peculiar role of the preposition in the formulation of a prepositional construction makes it be closer in its meaning to the inflexive morpheme. However, it can be mentioned only about the “approximation” to such a state, as the preposition may have a weaken lexical meaning, which, according to some researchers, reveals in its ability to be combined with some case forms to transfer a certain value, mostly in spatial or temporal semantics.